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Schools and places of worship have been open since July, while businesses and restaurants have reopened gradually. Bangladesh's economic growth crossed 7% in fiscal 2015–2016 after almost a decade in the region of 6%, It's expected to grow by 8.13% in 2019–2020. Mainland Southeast Asia is historically known as an Indochina and consists of Laos, Vietnam, West Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Cambodia. According to the UN, this falls within the range of expected GDP for developing economies. [93][94] The Indo-Aryans were pastoralists[95] who migrated into north-western India after the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization,[92][96] Linguistic and archaeological data show a cultural change after 1500 BCE,[92] with the linguistic and religious data clearly showing links with Indo-European languages and religion. J. The political situation in Sri Lanka has been dominated by an increasingly assertive Sinhalese nationalism, and the emergence of a Tamil separatist movement under LTTE, which was suppressed in May 2009. [79] The Centres for South Asian Studies at both the University of Michigan and the University of Virginia include Tibet along with the eight members of SAARC in their research programs, but exclude the Maldives. [287] However, deterioration of India-Pakistan ties have led India to emphasize more on sub-regional groups SASEC and BBIN. A. Boyle, John Andrew Boyle, (Cambridge University Press, 1968), pp 161–170. [109] Buddhism, by the last centuries of the 1st millennium BCE, was prominent in the Himalayan region, Gandhara, Hindu Kush region and Bactria. Despite the size, the … Religion is nearly universal here, with less than 2% of the population identifying as atheist. India has been dominant geopolitical power in the region[269][270][271] and alone accounts for most part of the landmass, population, economy and military expenditure in the region. The population density in Southern Asia is 303 per Km 2 (785 people per mi 2). Subsequently, under the influence of Muslim rulers of the Islamic sultanates and the Mughal Empire, Islam spread in South Asia. The death of Ibrahim Lodi ended the Delhi Sultanate, and the Mughal Empire replaced it. [240][241] Between 1900 and 2005, most of the countries in the region had shown progress in girls' education with Sri Lanka and the Maldives significantly ahead of the others, while the gender gap in education has widened in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Tensions between Sinhalese and Tamils led to Sri Lankan civil war that undermined the country's stability for more than two and a half decades. Approximately 194.6 million people are undernourished in India, which accounts for the highest number of people suffering from hunger in any single country. [46][47], The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), a contiguous block of countries, started in 1985 with seven countries – Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka – and admitted Afghanistan as an eighth member in 2007. Bhutan is a Buddhist state with a constitutional monarchy. In Nepal (390 thousand) and Sri Lanka (230 thousand) the numbers were much smaller. [170], Climate change in South Asia is causing a range of challenges including sea level rise, cyclonic activity, and changes in ambient temperature and precipitation patterns.[173]. [34], The common definition of South Asia is largely inherited from the administrative boundaries of the British Raj,[35] with several exceptions. [235] Different South Asian countries have different education structures. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] The 562 princely states that were protected by but not directly ruled by the British Raj became administrative parts of South Asia upon joining India or Pakistan. [95][98][99] Rudimentary state-forms appeared, of which the Kuru-Pañcāla union was the most influential. To the south, the Indian Ocean provides a border. Some 30 million overseas Chinese also live in Southeast Asia, most prominently in Christmas Island, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia a… The mountainous north is colder and receives snowfall at higher altitudes of Himalayan ranges. [171] Two monsoon systems exist in the region:[172], The warmest period of the year precedes the monsoon season (March to mid June). [106][107][108] The Theravada school spread south from India in the 3rd century BCE, to Sri Lanka, later to Southeast Asia. GNH provides direction on governing efforts, economic investments, and initiatives like reducing poverty and inequality. The Maldives are an extremely unique grouping of islands that officially make up the Republic of Bhutan, which is 99% water. With most populous functional democracy in world[253] and world's longest written constitution,[254][255][256] India has been stably sustaining the political system it adopted in 1950 with no regime change except that by a democratic election. Urban areas such as Delhi, Mumbai, and Bengaluru are the most populous cities of India. [130], The Delhi Sultanate covered varying parts of South Asia and was ruled by a series of dynasties, called Mamluk, Khalji, Tughlaq, Sayyid and Lodi dynasties. In Nepal, the government has struggled to come in the side of democracy, and it only showed signs in the recent past, basically in the 21st century, to support the democratic system. [8] Overall, it accounts for about 39.49% of Asia's population, over 24% of the world's population, and is home to a vast array of people. As the Himalayas block the north-Asian bitter cold winds, the temperatures are considerably moderate in the plains down below. (In historical discussion, "India" often denotes all of South Asia… Hinduism comes in a far second for religious practice in Bangladesh with under 10% of the population identifying as Hindu. the Kingdom of |Bhutan is an island country which is in the east of Himalayas. [12] South Asia alone accounts for 98.47% of Hindus, 90.5% of Sikhs, and 31% of Muslims worldwide, as well as 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists. [234] In most South Asian countries children's education is theoretically free; the exceptions being the Maldives, where there is no constitutionally guaranteed free education, as well as Bhutan and Nepal where fees are charged by primary schools. [51][52] The South Asia Free Trade Agreement admitted Afghanistan in 2011. [235] Afghanistan and India are among the top ten countries with the highest number of reported disasters due to natural hazards and conflict. [150][151][152][153], In Aurangzeb's time, almost all of South Asia was claimed by the Mughal Empire. It was reconquered by the armies of the Mughal Empire. The total land area is 6,400,127 Km2 (2,471,102 sq. The island nation sits off the coast of India in the Indian Ocean and is spread between 1,192 islands grouped into 26 atolls that are home to only half a million people. [272] India is a major economy, member of G4, has world's third highest military budget[273] and exerts strong cultural and political influence over the region. Only sub-Saharan Africa had a higher rate of children not learning. [184] The Devanagari script is also used for classical Sanskrit texts. [69], The use of the term Indian subcontinent began in the British Empire, and has been a term particularly common in its successors. [182], The largest spoken language in this region is Hindi, followed by Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati and Punjabi. [288], Populism is a general characteristic of internal politics of India.[289]. South Asia: Countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (8) Create custom quiz. This list of Southeast Asian countries is alphabetical. [30], However, the total area of South Asia and its geographical extent is not clear cut as systemic and foreign policy orientations of its constituents are quite asymmetrical. India's sustained democratic freedoms are unique among the world's newer establishments. [234] In 2018, 11.3 million children at the primary level and 20.6 million children at the lower secondary level were out-of-school in South Asia, while millions of children completed primary education without mastering the foundational skills of basic numeracy and literacy. [124][129] Mu'izz sought a Sunni Islamic kingdom of his own extending east of the Indus river, and he thus laid the foundation for the Muslim kingdom that became the Delhi Sultanate. I.B. Bhutan is a country with a fascinating history and rich cultural roots. South Asia News - Get latest South Asia Countries breaking news today. While most other nations measure growth in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), or Gross National Income (GNI), Bhutan measures success and directs growth using Gross National Happiness (GNH) indexing. officially the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, this country is formed from the former region of Bengal. [174] It is socially very mixed, consisting of many language groups and religions, and social practices in one region that are vastly different from those in another. The Indian Plate includes most of South Asia, forming a land mass which extends from the Himalayas into a portion of the basin under the Indian Ocean, including parts of South China and Eastern Indonesia, as well as Kunlun and Karakoram ranges,[163][164] and extending up to but not including Ladakh, Kohistan, the Hindu Kush range and Balochistan. Southeast Asia has an area of approximately 4,000,000 km² (1.6 million square miles). The spoken languages of the region are largely based on geography and shared across religious boundaries, but the written script is sharply divided by religious boundaries. Its primary sources of profit are agriculture (including tea and rice), textiles and apparel, and tea export. While the number of malnourished people in the neighborhood has shown a decline over the last 25 years, the number of under-nourished in Pakistan displays an upward trend. India is largely English-speaking country, although there are 22 languages in total that are spoken there. South Asia continues to remain least integrated region in the world. [135][136] In the Deccan region, the Hindu kingdom Vijayanagara Empire came to power in 1336 and remained in power through the 16th century, after which it too was reconquered and absorbed into the Mughal Empire. The Centre for South Asian Studies at the University of Cambridge was established, in 1964, it promoted the study of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Afghanistan,[74][75][76][77] the Himalayan Kingdoms (Nepal, Bhutan, and Sikkim[78]), and Burma (now Myanmar). [119][120][121], Islam came as a political power in the fringe of South Asia in 8th century CE when the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh, and Multan in Southern Punjab, in modern-day Pakistan. The Bamiyan Buddhas of Afghanistan and the edicts of Aśoka suggest that the Buddhist monks spread Buddhism (Dharma) in eastern provinces of the Seleucid Empire, and possibly even farther into Western Asia. [185] The Punjabi language spans three religions: Islam, Hinduism, and Sikhism. East Pakistan became Bangladesh in 1971. It is one of the emerging and growth-leading economies of the world, and It is also listed among the Next Eleven countries. It has the fastest GDP growth rate in Asia. [124] Some historians chronicle the Delhi Sultanate from 1192 due to the presence and geographical claims of Mu'izz al-Din in South Asia by that time. After the death of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, the Bengal Sultanate came to power in 1352 CE, as the Delhi Sultanate began disintegrating. [190] The Indian religions are distinct yet share terminology, concepts, goals and ideas, and from South Asia spread into East Asia and southeast Asia. Muhammad bin Tughlaq came to power in 1325, launched a war of expansion and the Delhi Sultanate reached it largest geographical reach over the South Asian region during his 26-year rule. Asia Apr 10th 2021 edition. India is a secular federative parliamentary republic with premier as head of government. Bangladesh is a unitary state and parliamentary democracy. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan,[note 2] Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, the Maldives, and Sri Lanka. [21][22][28] But the Aden Colony, British Somaliland and Singapore, though administered at various times under the British Raj, have never been proposed as any part of South Asia. Countries of South Asia . [186], English, with British spelling, is commonly used in urban areas and is a major economic lingua franca of South Asia. Find top stories in South Asia at straitstimes.com. It is also one of the fastest-growing middle-income countries. South Asia depends critically on monsoon rainfall. [36][37][19][20] The mountain countries of Nepal and Bhutan, two independent countries that were not part of the British Raj,[38] and the island countries of Sri Lanka and Maldives are generally included. Sri Lanka is an island found off the southeast tip of Indian, in the Indian Ocean. the Republic of India is the second most populous country in the world. Bhutan’s modest economy is based on forestry, agriculture, and hydropower. In northwest South Asia, a large region was consolidated into the Sikh Empire by Ranjit Singh. [28] However, in Pakistan, the term "South Asia" is considered too India-centric and was banned until 1989 after the death of Zia ul Haq. [143] At its height, the empire was the world's largest economy, worth almost 25% of global GDP, more than the entirety of Western Europe.

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